Stem-like cells that make up only a tiny fraction of the total cells in a lung tumor could be the key to stopping the disease's deadly spread, say researchers.

An important cellular structure called the nuclear pore complex (NPC) has larger dimensions than previously thought. A research team made this discovery using cryo-focused ion beam (cryo-FIB) milling and cryo-electron tomography (cryo-ET) -- which allowed them to analyze the NPC directly inside cells.

Nagoya University researchers and colleagues have improved understanding of the molecular mechanisms of a key protein that makes the stomach acidic. Their findings, published in the journal Nature Communications, could lead to better drugs for stomach ulcers and shed light on the functions of similar proteins across the human body.

Researchers have succeeded in creating a new type of super-stable, durable glass with potential applications ranging from medicines, advanced digital screens, and solar cell technology. The study shows how mixing multiple molecules -- up to eight at a time -- can result in a material that performs as well as the best currently known glass formers.

Researchers at Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, have succeeded in creating a new type of super-stable, durable glass with potential applications ranging from medicines, advanced digital screens, and solar cell technology. The study shows how mixing multiple molecules—up to eight at a time—can result in a material that performs as well as the best currently known glass formers.

Context matters. It’s true for many facets of life, including the tiny molecular machines that perform vital functions

Researchers have succeeded in creating a new type of super-stable, durable glass with potential applications ranging from medicines, advanced digital screens, and solar cell technology.

Context matters. It's true for many facets of life, including the tiny molecular machines that perform vital functions inside our cells.

New research has shown how a synthetic self-made fibers can guide molecular movement that can be fuelled by light over long distances, a discovery that could pave the way for new ways to use light as a source of sustainable energy.

Turtles from the heavily polluted Indian River Lagoon (IRL) had compromised immune function. Those with tumors (Green Turtle Fibropapillomatosis or GTF) had less immune competence. Habitat quality, disease state, and immune function are intertwined. Polluted environments impact the immune system and make animals more prone to the expression of GTF, which in turn further compromises the immune system. This vicious cycle may explain why some areas have such a high incidence of GTF, while other areas have turtles that test positive for the GTF virus, but are clinically healthy.

With mass-sensitive particle tracking scientists can determine location and size changes of unlabeled proteins on membranes

Juvenile green sea turtles (Chelonian mydas) living in nearshore waters often exhibit tumors that grow on their soft tissues and shells, symptoms of a disease called Green Turtle Fibropapillomatosis. While the disease has been linked to a virus called chelonid alpha-herpesvirus 5, the virus has co-existed within turtle populations for more than 300 million years, although the disease itself has become pandemic only in the last century. The virus can be found in clinically healthy turtles that don't have any tumors, suggesting that expression of the disease is multi-factorial. Evidence from other studies shows that there is a link between environmental pollution and immune suppression in a variety of animals.

New research has shown how a synthetic self-made fibers can guide molecular movement that can be fueled by light over long distances, a discovery that could pave the way for new ways to use light as a source of sustainable energy.

Researchers from the University of Seville, in collaboration with the universities of Zaragoza and Kansas (USA), have managed to describe hitherto unknown processes that allow us to understand the virulence of a Salmonella infection.

New research has shown how a synthetic self-made fibers can guide molecular movement that can be fuelled by light over long distances, a discovery that could pave the way for new ways to use light as a source of sustainable energy.

As we age, the DNA in all our cells accumulates changes, or mutations. The mutations that cause cancer

Nature is the international weekly journal of science: a magazine style journal that publishes full-length research papers in all disciplines of science, as well as News and Views, reviews, news, features, commentaries, web focuses and more, covering all branches of science and how science impacts upon all aspects of society and life.

Two chemists devised a faster, cleaner and more precise way to construct drug molecules and modern materials -- Read more on ScientificAmerican.com

Two chemists devised a faster, cleaner and more precise way to construct drug molecules and modern materials -- Read more on ScientificAmerican.com

The study reported rapid detection of SARS-CoV-2 with high sensitivity and specificity in clinical samples.

Cellular processes on membranes are often fast and short-lived. Molecules assemble briefly, separate again, interact with different partners and move along or through the membrane. It is therefore important to not only study static snapshots of these processes, but also to understand their dynamics. But how can this be achieved methodically? Petra Schwille from the Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry and Nikolas Hundt from the Ludwig Maximilians University together with their team have developed the method Mass-Sensitive Particle Tracking—MSPT, which allows to analyze proteins during dynamic processes on membranes.

Researchers from Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology propose a mechanism by which the protein protamine modulates the packaging of DNA in sperm cells. The findings could have implications for the development of vaccines for cancer and viral infections.

Author(s): Xianwu Jiang, Josh Forer, Chi Hong Yuen, Mehdi Ayouz, and Viatcheslav KokooulineThe authors present a computational analysis of dissociative recombination of CH + , in which both direct and indirect mechanisms are included. Good agreement with experiments is found in a wide regime while an explanation for disagreement was provided at lower energies. The theoretical method used in this study could be applicable in a wide range of diatomic cations. [Phys. Rev. A 104, 042801] Published Mon Oct 04, 2021

Researchers show how short peptides can trigger the self-assembly of comparatively large nanoparticles into new structures on the micrometre scale.

Molecular self-assembly is a well-known concept in supramolecular chemistry. Disordered molecules spontaneously organize themselves into larger structures through supramolecular interactions between the individual entities. It also works with nanoparticles, and researchers take advantage of certain functional groups attached to the particles to guide the particles' organization in a certain direction, e.g. as a basis for the design of new materials.

Oncotarget published "Comparative microsomal proteomics of a model lung cancer cell line NCI-H23 reveals distinct differences between molecular profiles of 3D and 2D cultured cells" which reported that to ascertain phenotypical differences between these two distinct culture conditions, these authors carried out a comparative proteomic analysis of a membrane fraction obtained from 3D- and 2D-cultured NSCLC model cell line NCI-H23.

A new research study at The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center – Arthur G. James Cancer Hospital and Richard J. Solove Research Institute (OSUCCC – James) turns cancer scientists into molecular detectives, searching for clues for why certain cancers are able to spread and evolve by studying tissues collected within hours of death.

Scientists at King's have used advanced microscopy techniques including FRET-FLIM microscopy, computational image analysis, biochemical and cell biological approaches to reveal a novel mechanism in how mammalian cells tightly control cell migration.

New research from Johns Hopkins Kimmel Cancer Center investigators shows why some drugs in clinical trials for treating a form of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) often fail and demonstrates a way to restore their effectiveness.

A research group led by Prof. Guang Shouhong from the University of Science and Technology of China (USTC) of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, collaborating with Prof. Feng Xuezhu from the First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, revealed the nucleolar RNA interference based on Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans) as model organism. The study was published in Nuclear Acids Research.

In most animals and plants, the life cycle of an individual begins with fertilization, when egg and sperm fuse to combine their genetic material. Together, they form the zygote, the first cell of an embryo that will eventually develop into a complex organism.

Researchers at Kanazawa University report in Science Advances a new method for distinguishing between enantiomers, molecules that are mirror images of each other. The procedure, relevant for the pharmaceutical industry, involves the chemical reaction of target enantiomers with color indicator compounds consisting of one-handed helical polymers, leading to solutions showing different colors in specific solvents between the enantiomers.

Researchers report a new method for distinguishing between enantiomers, molecules that are mirror images of each other. The procedure, relevant for the pharmaceutical industry, involves the chemical reaction of target enantiomers with color indicator compounds consisting of one-handed helical polymers, leading to solutions showing different colors in specific solvents between the enantiomers.

The intestinal microbial ecosystem includes diverse species of bacteria. These bacteria can produce bioactive metabolites that directly affect the host's immune system.

Gadolinium-based contrast agents, the gold standard in magnetic resonance imaging(MRI) to determine the health of a patient, can be improved, according to Rice University engineers who are refining models they first used to enhance oil and gas recovery.

Microorganism resistance to antibiotics, in particular, is a major problem in everyday medicine. This has seen the number of resistant microbes increase exponentially. As a result, infections that appeared to already have been eradicated using modern drugs now once again pose a potentially fatal threat to humans. The situation is further complicated by the fact that more and more germs are emerging which are resistant to not one but several antibiotics or other drugs.

In order to counter the increasing threat posed by multi-drug resistant germs, we need to understand how their resistance mechanisms work. Transport proteins have an important role to play in this process. Scientists have now described the three-dimensional structure of transport protein Pdr5, found also in a similar form in pathogenic fungi. The results could help develop mechanisms to combat dangerous pathogens.

The molecular signaling systems of complex cells are nothing like simple electronic circuits. The logic governing their operation is riotously complex — but it has advantages. The post Biologists Rethink the Logic Behind Cells’ Molecular Signals first appeared on Quanta Magazine

Rutgers researchers have discovered some of the first molecular insights into how toxic proteins are regulated in neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's.

Oncologist Jack West explores why molecular testing in advanced lung cancer is not happening often enough in the clinic

Researchers are taking a new look at chromium oxides, magnetic chemical compounds once used to coat the surfaces of cassette and video tapes.

A synthetic molecular code shows promise towards improving the response of some cancer patients to immunotherapy treatments.

Rutgers researchers have discovered some of the first molecular insights into how toxic proteins are regulated in neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's.

Rutgers researchers have discovered some of the first molecular insights into how toxic proteins are regulated in neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's.

What is molecular plant breeding? Are genetically modified plants dangerous? And what opportunities and risks are associated with CRISPR/Cas?

For centuries, the vast physical diversity of maize, the most popular cereal grain crop globally, has fascinated biologists and plant breeders alike. Early breeders selected the maize variants with good, preferrable traits and propagated them for a long time to develop "true breeding" or inbred lines that show the same favorable features, for instance, the desired kernel color or size, for generations. Because of scientific advances, it is now well known that these trait variations are linked with variations in the genes of maize and that any changes in the "genotype" or gene variation can lead to a new "phenotype" or maize plant variant with a different physical trait.

About a quarter of the world's population is infected with tuberculosis bacteria, according to the World Health Organization, but only about 5 to 10% of those infected will develop symptoms. These pathogens are mycobacteria, which are everywhere, including in chlorine-treated tap water.

Rice viruses are prevalent in many rice-growing countries and often cause serious damages to rice production. Among them, the rice black-streaked dwarf virus (RBSDV), transmitted by the small brown planthopper Laodelphax striatellus, causes tremendous losses in China's grain yields every year. Therefore, discovering the transmission mechanism of RBSDV is of immense significance for its effective control.

The organic solar cell (OSC) heterojunction interface is where key photophysical processes such as charge separation and recombination occur. The molecular orientation at the interface is one of the key factors that determine the efficiency of solar cells. Due to the complex three-dimensional molecular arrangement on the interface and the lack of technology to measure local molecular orientation, it is challenging to determine the molecular orientation at the interface.

Researchers have made a tiny camera, held together with ‘molecular glue’ that allows them to observe chemical reactions

Researchers have made a tiny camera, held together with 'molecular glue' that allows them to observe chemical reactions in real time.

Researchers describe a novel molecular device with exceptional computing prowess. Reminiscent of the plasticity of connections in the human brain, the device can be reconfigured on the fly for different computational tasks by simply changing applied voltages. Furthermore, like nerve cells can store memories, the same device can also retain information for future retrieval and processing.

Researchers have made a tiny camera, held together with 'molecular glue' that allows them to observe chemical reactions in real time.

Researchers have made a tiny camera, held together with 'molecular glue' that allows them to observe chemical reactions in real time.

Neural networks (NNs) are increasingly being used to predict new materials, the rate and yield of chemical reactions,

In a discovery published in the journal Nature, an international team of researchers has described a novel molecular device with exceptional computing prowess.

In a discovery published in the journal Nature, an international team of researchers has described a novel molecular device with exceptional computing prowess.

Cells in the human body constantly receive substances from the outside via a process called endocytosis. One important endocytosis pathway involves the formation of a protrusion within the cell membrane, pointing to the inside of the cell, triggered when a molecule needing to get in reaches the membrane.

Researchers from the technical universities of Delft and Munich have invented a new type of molecular trap that can hold a single protein in place for hours to study its natural behavior—a million times longer than before. The new NEOtrap technique enables scientists to use electrical currents to study the vibrant nature of proteins, which may spark innovation in biomedicine, biotechnology, and more.

The underlying cause of sudden cardiac death (SCD) in a young person is often difficult to identify. A genetic analysis could provide more information in many cases, but blood samples are not collected routinely at the time of death, and DNA extracted from the tissues collected at autopsy is damaged because of the way they are fixed in formalin and paraffin-embedded.

There exists a possibility that COVID-19 can also affect the reproductive function in the body, which can lead to infertility in infected patients. A study published in the American Journal of Reproductive Immunology explored the impact of SARS-CoV-2 infection on reproductive functions and fertility.

The United States recently secured 1.7 million doses of a compound that could help to treat Covid-19 patients.

Radical reactivity of aromatic molecules 9-phosphaanthracenes is difficult to analyze using conventional techniques due to their short lifetimes.

Researchers from Western Sydney University have joined the global race to better understand COVID-19, with new research proposing how a SARS-CoV-2 protein (Nsp9), vital in the virus' life cycle, is supporting the replicating process.

An enzyme with an elusive role in severe inflammation may be a key mechanism driving COVID-19 severity and could provide a new therapeutic target to reduce COVID-19 mortality.

Anthracene is a solid organic compound derived from coal-tar distillation. Apart from its use as a red dye, it has also been used in the field of nanographene material design, as it exhibits excellent electronic and light-emitting properties. One of its derivatives, called 9-phosphaanthracene, has been widely studied for decades due to its radical reactivity. This activity grants 9-phosphaanthracenes attractive chemical properties such as eco-friendly redox activity, bioactivity, and combustibility.

Researchers from MIT, the McGovern Institute for Brain Research at MIT, the Howard Hughes Medical Institute, and the

Researchers have developed a new way to deliver molecular therapies to cells. The system, called SEND, can be programmed to encapsulate and deliver different RNA cargoes.

Researchers from MIT, the McGovern Institute for Brain Research at MIT, the Howard Hughes Medical Institute, and the Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard have developed a new way to deliver molecular therapies to cells.

New research at Yale has revealed major differences in aggressive types of breast cancer, and the potential for

It’s the dog days of summer. You bite down on a plump, chilled orange. Citrus juice explodes in your mouth in a refreshing, tingling burst. Ahh. And congratulations—you’ve just been vaccinated for the latest virus. That’s one of the goals of molecular farming, a vision to have plants synthesize medications and vaccines. Using genetic engineering […]

The antiviral agent incorporates RNA-like building blocks into the genome of the virus.

A new way to predict the outcome of reactions could lead to faster discovery of new materials including for sensing, catalysis, and drug delivery.

Researchers from Utrecht University have visualized the "molecular postman" that makes sure many important proteins can be delivered outside of cells. This has profound implications for our understanding of protein secretion, which in the future can be used for the production of cheaper protein-based therapeutics such as insulin, and for the development of new drugs against Corona-, Dengue-, and Zika-viruses as well as novel antibiotics. The researchers are publishing their results today in the scientific journal Molecular Cell.

A study led by Northwestern Medicine investigators has identified the molecular mechanisms within protein complexes that promote cell-to-cell adhesion and communication, according to findings published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.

High-angle annular dark-field scanning transmission electron microscopy can be used to determine complex conformational structures of both crystalline

A study led by Northwestern Medicine investigators has identified the molecular mechanisms within protein complexes that promote cell-to-cell adhesion and communication, according to findings published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.

High-angle annular dark-field scanning transmission electron microscopy can be used to determine complex conformational structures of both crystalline and amorphous polynuclear non-planar coordination molecules.

Periconceptional conditions are known to influence the later health of individuals. Fetal growth and development set the framework for future health, but recently it has also been suggested that the individual is epigenetically prepared for the conditions in which he or she will be born. If food or nutrient intake is scarce during pregnancy, the emerging individual seems to be better prepared to absorb energy and nutrients than a similar individual whose developmental conditions have been more favorable.

KRAS protein serves as an on/off molecular switch to relay signals from outside the cell to the cell nucleus. When the gene is mutated, KRAS will be continuously activated to promote the initiation and progression of cancers. It is one of the most commonly mutated genes, which approximately presents in 20% of all human cancers.

Findings from a new University of Kentucky College of Medicine and College of Health Sciences study add to growing evidence that resistance exercise has unique benefits for fat loss.

High-angle annular dark-field scanning transmission electron microscopy can be used to determine complex conformational structures of both crystalline and amorphous polynuclear non-planar coordination molecules, as shown by scientists from Tokyo Institute of Technology (Tokyo Tech). Using iridium as a tracer metal, they were successful in determining the different conformations of a highly branched coordination compound molecule. This has opened up possibilities for imaging and designing of complex inorganic and organic molecules.

Lung cancer remains the leading cause of cancer-associated death in the United States and worldwide. Patients with a subtype called lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) have benefited from the development of new targeted medicines, but the search for effective new therapies for another subtype called lung squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) has largely come up short.

Researchers have developed the largest and most comprehensive molecular map to date of the lung cancer subtype lung squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC). Their effort brings proteomic, transcriptomic, and genomic data together into a detailed 'proteogenomic' view of LSCC. Analysis of that data has revealed potential new drug targets, immune regulation pathways that might help the cancer evade immunotherapies, and even a new molecular subtype of LSCC.

All senses must reckon with the richness of the world, but nothing matches the challenge faced by the olfactory system that underlies our sense of smell.

A study of lung tissue from patients with end-stage bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome (BOS) as a complication of lung transplantation yielded molecular and morphologic insights into the development of chronic rejection.

Thousands of people around the world suffer from chronic bowel diseases. One such common disease is ulcerative colitis (UC), which causes inflammation and sores in the digestive tract of affected individuals.

A hidden, newly discovered molecular dance could hold the answer to the problem of soot pollution.

Despite remarkable medical advances over the last years, cystic fibrosis remains the most prevalent lethal genetic disease. It is due to mutations in the CFTR protein which is normally required to maintain proper fluid balances in key organs such as lungs, pancreas or the digestive system.

New research demonstrates a metabolic regulatory molecule called Them1 prevents fat burning in cells by blocking access to their fuel source. The study may contribute to the development of a new type of obesity treatment.

NevadaNano, the world’s leading innovator in gas detection sensor technology, announced that PemTech added NevadaNano’s Molecular Property Spectrometer™ (MPS™) technology into...